Presentation on the world around us through the eyes of an ecologist. Drake Elena's inverted classroom: the world through the eyes of an ecologist
Slide 1
Slide 2
Love your native nature: Lakes, forests and fields. After all, this is our forever native land. You and I were born on it, you and I live on it. So let us be, people, all together. We will treat her kinder. Today in the lesson we will find out whether a person treats nature kindly.
Slide 3
Today we will go with scientific ecologists to 15 - 25 thousand years ago. Around this time, the first farmers threw the first grains into the soil in the hope that they would produce new plants and bring them even more grains. While man was content with collecting plants and hunting animals, he adapted to the existing system of nature. But it was at that time that the extermination of some animals had already begun. Having started to grow plants, man began to transform nature.
Slide 4
With the flourishing of agriculture, the fertile lands on which plants were grown began to collapse. With the advent of technology and production enterprises, the harm became greater and greater. The person began to notice the consequences of his actions and think about the future. What caught people's eyes? Due to the fault of man, the planet began to get sick, just like man. And as a person she must be treated. Who should take care of our planet?
Slide 5
Thor Heyerdahl is a famous Norwegian ethnologist (a scientist who studies the peculiarities of life, customs, and culture of a people) and archaeologist. He became interested in the ways in which peoples moved from continent to continent, so he became a navigator. In 1947, Heyerdahl built a raft of 9 logs, fastened with ropes from plant stems, attached a sail to it and set off on a voyage across the Pacific Ocean.
Slide 6
The scientist and his comrades traveled on a raft for 101 days. The Norwegian described everything he saw during this time in his book. In 1959, a brave navigator sets off on a new journey. For him, he built a boat based on ancient Egyptian drawings, which he named in honor of the Egyptian sun god - “Ra”. The boat "Ra" sailed from the coast of Africa to the islands of Central America. A doctor from Russia, Yuri Senkevich, was also included in the crew. Today he is the host of the TV show “Around the World.”
Slide 7
We will find out what the scientist saw during his trip by reading the article “How to Preserve the Ocean from Pollution.” Most of the waste from human activity ends up in the World Ocean. Every year about 320 million tons of iron, 6 and a half tons of phosphorus, 2 million tons of lead are dumped into it. But the most dangerous thing is petroleum products. They enter the ocean from oil wells, tankers, and river runoff. During the year, the ocean receives from 2 to 10 million tons of petroleum products.
Slide 8
One ton of oil covers 12 square kilometers of water surface with a very thin film. Metals, many of which are poisonous, also end up in ocean water. Accumulating in the bodies of animals, metals cause harm to those who feed on these animals. Consequently, a person, without thinking about it, can poison himself.
Slide 9
And how much different garbage floats in the ocean. American scientists have estimated that there are about 35 million plastic bottles floating in the Hawaiian Islands.
Slide 10
The second problem of humanity is saving forests. Forests occupy 1/3 of the planet's total land surface. They absorb 119 billion carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release 86 billion oxygen per year. More than half of the world's forest reserves are tropical forests. Half of all tropical forests are in South America.
Slide 11
These forests are home to a huge variety of plants and animals, many of which are still unexplored. Today the Amazon forests are under threat of deforestation. Selva, as the locals call this forest, is dying due to the fact that people cut down and burn the forests. Tropical forests are being cut down to make way for fields and construction.
Slide 12
Forests influence the distribution of heat on the planet, regulate the flow of rivers and the gas composition of the atmosphere. The Earth's climate depends on the number of forests.
Slide 13
You can say that the ocean and the tropics are far away from us. But the third global problem of the Earth directly affects you. This is trash! How to get rid of garbage? Previously, the garbage problem was considered purely urban. Today, villages also suffer from garbage. Their surroundings turned into wild dumps. A whole direction has emerged in science – garbalogy, which translated means “garbage science”. Garbologists all over the world are looking for different ways out of the garbage impasse in which humanity finds itself. We also often use things that turn out to be not as harmless as they seem at first glance. For example, after use, various batteries cannot be turned into toys, but must be thrown into a landfill. Expired medications become hazardous to health. Slide 16
You should not play with leftover cosmetics and handle household chemicals carefully. What ways can you get rid of garbage? Which one is safe? Read the article “Healing the Planet Together.” What organizations did you learn about from the article? In which country is the headquarters of the World Wildlife Fund located? How is Greenpeace translated?
PRESENTATION
around the world
THE WORLD THROUGH THE EYES OF AN ECOLOGIST
Completed by: Primary school teacher
MBOU Buturlinovskaya Secondary School
Ustimenko Yu.A.
Ocean pollution problem
Most of the waste from human activities ends up in the oceans. Every year about 320 million tons of iron, 6 and a half tons of phosphorus, 2 million tons of lead are dumped into it. But the most dangerous thing is petroleum products. They enter the ocean from oil wells, tankers, and river runoff. During the year, the ocean receives from 2 to 10 million tons of petroleum products.
Metals, many of which are poisonous, also end up in ocean water. Accumulating in the bodies of animals, metals cause harm to those who feed on these animals.
The first problem of humanity is ocean pollution
How much different garbage is floating in the ocean?!
American scientists have calculated that about 35 million swim in the Hawaiian Islands.
plastic bottles.
People of all countries must protect the world's oceans
What measures would you suggest to protect the ocean from pollution?
Solution 1.Use of chemicals. 2. Ships are “sponges”. 3. The timing and volumes of fish production are established. 4. The Red Book has been created.
The second problem of humanity is saving forests
Forests occupy 1/3 of the planet's total land surface. They absorb 119 billion carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release 86 billion oxygen per year.
Today the forests are under threat of deforestation. The forest is dying because people cut it down and burn it. Forests are cut down to make way for fields and construction.
Forests influence the distribution of heat on the planet, regulate the flow of rivers and the gas composition of the atmosphere. The Earth's climate depends on the number of forests.
SAVING THE FOREST IS EVERYONE'S BUSINESS
What measures could you suggest to protect forests from pollution?
Solution
1.Regulate deforestation. 2.Unification of all countries of the world for the protection of forests.
The third problem of the Earth is garbage! How to get rid of garbage?
Previously, the garbage problem was considered purely urban. Today, villages also suffer from garbage. The roadsides are littered with garbage; it can be seen in the forest and meadow. Strong winds blow paper and plastic packaging around. Often garbage is burned, and then the acrid smoke poisons the air.
Now scientists are puzzling over what to do with plastic products when they become unusable.
What ways can you get rid of garbage?
Solution 1. Sorting waste. 2.Waste recycling
People! The planet is our home. Protect and love her!
This will help you:
1. Convention on Restriction of Trade in Rare and Endangered Species of Wild Animals. 2. World Wildlife Fund. 3.Environmental organization – Greenpeace.
Love your native nature - lakes, forests and fields.
After all, this is our forever native land.
You and I were born on it, you and I live on it.
So, people, let us all treat her kinder together.
– The life of ancient people depended on the vagaries of the surrounding nature.
– Where did primitive people live?
– What materials did primitive man require?
– To survive, a person needs food. How did you get food? (They hunted, collected edible fruits and roots).
“And if there was a drought or a forest fire, or the hunt was unsuccessful, then they were in danger of starvation. Therefore, our distant ancestors bowed to the forces of nature and took from nature only the most necessary things for life.
Work in the textbook. 1 4 3 4 3
– Open the textbook on p. 47.
(Reading the article “Son or Conqueror?” from the third paragraph).
- What did the man decide? (Man decided that he did not depend on nature, that he was stronger than it, and even decided to conquer nature with the help of technology).
– What did this conquest lead to? (The conquest of nature led to water and air pollution, soil destruction, destruction of forests, and the disappearance of many species of plants and animals).
– Can man dominate nature? (No, such dominance could destroy her.)
– Who is a person in relation to nature? (He is part of nature).
– Raise your hand, those who have ever been sick?
– How did you feel?
– Can the planet get sick?
- It turns out it can. This is exactly what happened to the Earth due to the fault of man. Environmental problems have arisen on the planet, the solution of which determines the fate of everything. Today we will reveal and discuss these problems. But in an unusual way: we will hold a meeting of the small environmental council (grade 4 B). And our assistants will be our high school students from the school environmental association “Ecograd Desyatochka”. There are three issues on the agenda of our meeting, three environmental problems: ocean pollution, deforestation, how to get rid of garbage.
– To substantiate (prove or disprove) these problems, we will listen to speakers and speakers, use the text of the textbook and the research plan. Please look at the research points.
- Divide into groups, collect information, discuss the information collected.
- Identify the causes of problems.
- Draw a conclusion by proposing measures to solve these problems.
– We have already divided ourselves into three creative groups and distributed responsibilities: speakers, researchers, designers. The fourth group is experts. Today they will evaluate our work.
How about collecting information, discussing the information collected?
– We will need information about human observations and research. Here the textbook and the book “The Giant in the Clearing or the First Lessons of Environmental Ethics” will help us.
Group “Water” – p.157-158 “Golden Rule”;
group “Earth” – pp. 147-148 “Always take your trash with you,” p. 143-144 – “Bottle soil”;
group "Forest" - p. 129-132 – “The fire is burning,
With. 133-138 “The grass is burning.”
Discussion of problems1 2 3 4 1 3 43
– The first problem is “How to protect the ocean from pollution?” . Let's hear from the speaker of the 1st creative group.
Speaker: Every year, a huge amount of oil and petroleum products, waste from various industrial enterprises, wastewater from fields and farms, household waste containing toxic substances, and solid waste enter the ocean. Birds die from oil spills, gas exchange is disrupted, and fry die. Plastic waste - bottles, cans, nets - is also a serious danger. In 1972, 30 dead whales were discovered in Brazil. The cause of their death was plastic film. Together with the water, it entered the respiratory tract of the whales. Household waste containing toxic substances is dangerous. These substances accumulate in the body of fish, birds and other animals. Eating such animals can lead to death in humans.
– What causes ocean pollution?
– 80% of ocean pollution is the result of human activities on land. Radioactive waste is very dangerous. The situation is especially difficult in the Mediterranean and on the North Sea coast. What measures are being taken to protect the oceans? Let's hear from the speaker of this group.
Effective chemicals are used to destroy traces of petroleum products. Special “sponge vessels” work; they suck up oil spills along with water, collect solid debris and plastic waste. The timing and size of the production of fish and other marine life are established. The “Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature” and the “Red Book of the Russian Federation” were created.
Speech by the group speaker:
Causes of Ocean Pollution – petroleum products, plastic waste, wastewater from fields and farms, household waste, radioactive waste.
Measures to protect the ocean from pollution –Effective chemicals, “sponge boats”, restrictions on fishing, treatment facilities at enterprises.
– What is the most important thing in people, in your opinion? (People should treat Nature like a son, respect her, be grateful to her. And most importantly, do not cause pain to Nature, because the ocean is also part of Nature).
- Let's move on to the discussion second problem.
“How to save tropical forests?”
We give the word to group 2 - “forest”
Speaker: Tropical forests are the “lungs” of our planet. Scientists were able to find out that in these forests there are amazing ecological connections between organisms. In connection with cutting down, burning, uprooting forests for agricultural plantations, for the production of wood, food chains are disrupted, which negatively affects all types of plants and animals, including humans, because we have our own specific place in this chain. This will lead to a decrease in oxygen in the atmosphere, increased soil erosion, a decrease in its fertility, and the extinction of plants and animals.
Speech by the group speaker:
– And so we wrote on our “Green Book” page:
Causes of tropical forest destruction – Tropical forests are mercilessly cut down, burned, uprooted.
Results of forest destruction
Food chains are disrupted, the amount of oxygen decreases, the soil is destroyed, plants and animals die.
– Deforestation can lead to climate change and desertification.
Measures to protect tropical forests
– prohibit the cutting down and uprooting of trees;
– strengthen fire safety measures in forests.
– I hope that in the future, thanks to you, we will avoid environmental disasters.
- Let's move on to the discussion third problem: "How to get rid of garbage?"
Speech by the speaker of group 3 – “Earth”.
Speech by the group speaker:
Reasons for the appearance of garbage
– People throw away unnecessary garbage, empty bottles, food waste.
Anti-garbage measures
Garbage can be sorted and then recycled. There are waste sorting plants. And some items can be reused, for example, glass jars, bottles.
Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
The presentation on the topic “The World through the Eyes of an Ecologist” can be downloaded absolutely free on our website. Project subject: Ecology. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 16 slide(s).
Presentation slides
Slide 1
Past and present
through the eyes of an ECOLOGIST
Slide 2
Slide 3
Today we will go with scientific ecologists to 15 - 25 thousand years ago. Around this time, the first farmers threw the first grains into the soil in the hope that they would produce new plants and bring them even more grains. While man was content with collecting plants and hunting animals, he adapted to the existing system of nature. But it was at that time that the extermination of some animals had already begun. Having started to grow plants, man began to transform nature.
Slide 4
With the flourishing of agriculture, the fertile lands on which plants were grown began to collapse. With the advent of technology and production enterprises, the harm became greater and greater. The person began to notice the consequences of his actions and think about the future. What caught people's eyes? Due to the fault of man, the planet began to get sick, just like man. And as a person she must be treated. Who should take care of our planet?
Slide 5
Thor Heyerdahl is a famous Norwegian ethnologist (a scientist who studies the peculiarities of life, customs, and culture of a people) and archaeologist. He became interested in the ways in which peoples moved from continent to continent, so he became a navigator. In 1947, Heyerdahl built a raft of 9 logs, fastened with ropes from plant stems, attached a sail to it and set off on a voyage across the Pacific Ocean.
Slide 6
The scientist and his comrades traveled on a raft for 101 days. The Norwegian described everything he saw during this time in his book. In 1959, a brave navigator sets off on a new journey. For him, he built a boat based on ancient Egyptian drawings, which he named in honor of the Egyptian sun god - “Ra”. The boat "Ra" sailed from the coast of Africa to the islands of Central America. A doctor from Russia, Yuri Senkevich, was also included in the crew. Today he is the host of the TV show “Around the World.”
Slide 7
We will find out what the scientist saw during his trip by reading the article “How to Preserve the Ocean from Pollution.” Most of the waste from human activity ends up in the World Ocean. Every year about 320 million tons of iron, 6 and a half tons of phosphorus, 2 million tons of lead are dumped into it. But the most dangerous thing is petroleum products. They enter the ocean from oil wells, tankers, and river runoff. During the year, the ocean receives from 2 to 10 million tons of petroleum products.
Slide 8
One ton of oil covers 12 square kilometers of water surface with a very thin film. Metals, many of which are poisonous, also end up in ocean water. Accumulating in the bodies of animals, metals cause harm to those who feed on these animals. Consequently, a person, without thinking about it, can poison himself.
Slide 9
And how much different garbage floats in the ocean. American scientists have estimated that there are about 35 million plastic bottles floating in the Hawaiian Islands.
People of all countries must protect the oceans.
Slide 10
The second problem of humanity is saving forests. Forests occupy 1/3 of the planet's total land surface. They absorb 119 billion carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release 86 billion oxygen per year. More than half of the world's forest reserves are tropical forests. Half of all tropical forests are in South America.
Slide 11
These forests are home to a huge variety of plants and animals, many of which are still unexplored. Today the Amazon forests are under threat of deforestation. Selva, as the locals call this forest, is dying due to the fact that people cut down and burn the forests. Tropical forests are being cut down to make way for fields and construction.
Slide 12
Forests influence the distribution of heat on the planet, regulate the flow of rivers and the gas composition of the atmosphere. The Earth's climate depends on the number of forests.
Saving forests is everyone's task.
Slide 13
Slide 14
The roadsides are littered with garbage; it can be seen in the forest and meadow. Strong winds blow paper and plastic packaging around. Often garbage is burned, and then the acrid smoke poisons the air. Previously, high hopes were placed on plastics. Scientists believed that it would replace metals and wood. Now scientists are puzzling over what to do with plastic products when they become unusable.
Slide 15
A whole direction has emerged in science – garbalogy, which translated means “garbage science”. Garbologists all over the world are looking for different ways out of the garbage impasse in which humanity finds itself. We also often use things that turn out to be not as harmless as they seem at first glance. For example, after use, various batteries cannot be turned into toys, but must be thrown into a landfill. Expired medications become hazardous to health.
Topic: The world through the eyes of an ecologist
Goals:
1. To acquaint students with the consequences of human influence on nature, environmental problems that need to be solved at the present stage.
2. Based on ecological connections, develop logical thinking, memory, imagination, and speech.
3. To help students learn to base their behavior in nature on the basis of knowledge about the relationships in it and an appropriate assessment of the possible consequences of their actions.
Cognitive:
realize the cognitive task, read, extracting the necessary information, identify the known and the unknown
During the classes
I. Organizational moment. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.
You and I are walking along the forest path,
Questions overtake us in a crowd.
We have been given the opportunity to become ecologists,
To solve environmental problems.
- Today in class we will look at the world around us through the eyes of an ecologist.
II. Checking homework.
- We know how primitive people lived, what they looked like, and what they did. What science told us about the life of primitive people?
-- History is a science that studies the past of human society.
Students talk about the work of archaeologists and historians.
- To open the second page of our lesson, you must solve the crossword puzzle and read the hidden word.
Questions for the crossword:
1. Centenary.
2. The science of the past of human society.
3. 10 centuries.
4. An object displayed in a museum, at an exhibition.
5. Science that studies the past of mankind using the data necessary for excavations.
6. The institution where old documents are stored.
III. Working on a new lesson topic.
- Read the keyword. What does "ecology" mean?
--- This is the science of our own home, of the Earth and of the laws by which we must live in it.
- The word “ecology” is formed from two Greek words: “ekos”, which means house, and “logos” - science.
For a very long time, the life of primitive people depended on the vagaries of the surrounding nature. People lived in caves. To live, man needed food. Our distant ancestors hunted, collected edible berries, fruits, and nuts.
If there was a drought or a forest fire, then the person was in danger of starvation. Therefore, primitive people bowed to the forces of nature and took from nature only what they needed. But time does not stand still, it moves inexorably forward... People have fields and factories. Man created cars, built houses. He decides to conquer nature. But time has shown that the conquest of nature led to water and air pollution, the death of forests, and the disappearance of many species of plants and animals. Such human domination over nature can destroy all living things.
Man, like a fairy-tale giant, can do anything. If he wants, there will be no sea, if he wants, a new one will spill. So? That's how it is. But is it always necessary to do what you want - that is the question.
Read the textbook article “Son or Conqueror?” us. 41 and answer the question: “What should a person become for nature?”
Students read.
--- Man must be a son of nature, because he himself is part of nature.
- Right. We cannot be conquerors if we ourselves are part of the vast and beautiful world of Nature. And today we, environmental scientists, must discuss three environmental problems.
First problem - “How to protect the ocean from pollution?”
THE TALE OF THE “OIL” FISH
Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman near the blue sea. The grandfather threw a net into the sea and pulled it out... However, everyone knows this fairy tale. In ancient times, my grandfather caught a goldfish. What if I cast my net today? The net would come back not “with only sea mud,” but also with... rusty cans, broken bottles, torn plastic bags and other garbage.
If I cast the net a second time, I would catch a torn shoe and a worn, “bald” tire.
The third time, as expected, the old man would have caught a fish. Yes, not simple, but, as you know, golden. And, of course, she would speak in a human voice.
But here’s a miracle: the goldfish wouldn’t ask: “Let me go, old man, to the sea.” But, on the contrary, I would beg: just don’t let me go to sea, old man. It’s better to throw it into an aquarium with clean water - I’ll do you any service for it. I don’t want, he says, to become an “oil fish,” but I want to remain a gold fish!
- Sad tale! But, unfortunately, the reality is not happier. Every year, a huge amount of oil and petroleum products, waste from various industrial enterprises, wastewater from fields and farms, household waste containing toxic substances, and solid waste enter the ocean. Fish and dolphins die from this poison; seagulls and other seabirds get sick and even die. For many miles around, the water is covered with a greasy film, which, like a lid, prevents oxygen from penetrating into the depths of the sea. This suffocates algae and the smallest crustaceans. This means that even unpoisoned fish will die from hunger. Based on this data, we will fill out the diagram.
- 80% of ocean pollution is the result of human activities on land. What measures are being taken to protect the oceans?
- Effective chemicals are used to destroy traces of petroleum products. There are special “sponge vessels” that suck up oil spills along with water and collect solid debris and plastic waste. The “Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature” and the “Red Book of Russia” were created. The timing and size of the production of fish and other marine life are established.
Teacher. Guys, fill out the table “Measures to protect the ocean from pollution.”
- What's the most important thing? What must be in people to save the World Ocean from environmental disaster?
--- People should treat Nature like a son, respect her, and be grateful to her. And the main thing is not to cause pain to Nature, because the ocean is also a part of Nature.
- Let's move on to discussing the second question.
The second problem is “How to save tropical forests?” To answer this question, let's go to the tropics!
IV. Continuation of work on a new lesson topic.
- Here we are in the tropical forests of Africa! Tropical forests are the “lungs” of our planet. Scientists have discovered surprising ecological connections between tropical forest organisms. Due to cutting down, burning, and uprooting of forests for agricultural plantations and for timber, food chains are disrupted. This negatively affects all types of plants and animals, including humans, because we also have our own specific place in this chain. This will lead to a decrease in oxygen in the atmosphere, increased soil erosion, a decrease in its fertility, and the extinction of plants and animals. Deforestation of tropical forests can lead to climate change, desertification, and food shortages. Let's fill in the diagrams:
- More than 50% of tropical forests on our planet have already been destroyed. What do you think needs to be done to save the rainforests?
Students make their suggestions.
- I hope that in the future, thanks to you, we will avoid environmental disasters. Let's move on to solving the third problem: “How to get rid of garbage?”
The teacher invites the children to study this problem on their own by reading the article “How to get rid of garbage” on p. 44 textbooks.
Conversation based on the material read.
- Where does the garbage come from?
--- People throw away unnecessary garbage, empty bottles, food waste.
- How can you get rid of garbage?
---- Garbage can be sorted. Some items can be recycled, such as glass jars and bottles.
- Such factories already exist in the Baltic states. Today you have done a great job of solving the Earth's environmental problems.
V. Consolidation of the studied material.
- What do you guys think, can the planet get sick?
---- Maybe. If a person conquers nature, and does not protect and preserve it.
- Can one person heal the planet?
--- No. All people should have a filial relationship with Nature, since they are part of it.
- Right. Environmental protection is the task of all humanity. You will learn how people solve this problem by reading the textbook article “Treating the Planet Together” on p. 44-46
VI. Lesson summary. Grading.
Students conclude that man is a part of Nature, therefore he must respect it, take care of it, and not conquer it.
- Has man managed to conquer nature? So who is man - a son of Nature or a conqueror?
And in conclusion, I want to read you S. Vikulov’s poem “Monologue of Nature.” Listen to him carefully and try to preserve his memory.
I am Nature. I am a great master.
Eternal master of life. I can,
Man, for your complicity
To give as a gift is all in my power! –
Mushroom in the forest, chamomile in the meadow.
The sky at sunrise and sunset,
Willow over the river... And finally,
Sun-burnt, reddish
Ear of bread! What a crowning achievement...
Only you are my gift, my teaching
Don't take it as a tribute: I am not a slave.
Don't forget: you yourself are my creation!
And you and I have the same destiny!
Yes, you have grown. You said goodbye to childhood.
Wider - no matter the year - are your steps,
But don't indulge in self-criticism!
And even a blade of grass, which is an inheritance
I gave it to you, take care!
Even a wolf - maybe he’s the last one...
You will destroy (the beast is not a pencil) -
Using complex calculations
And you can’t create new cars.
You and I are on the same road
We roll - not an hour apart, not a day apart.
And you cannot be above me,
How can you not be outside of me!
Homework.
pp. 41-47
